• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a battery pack (1) comprising a plurality of electrical energy storage cells (20) positioned in a parallel arrangement in a protective case (13), said protective case (13) comprising a peripheral wall ( 133) and being closed at two opposite ends by a cover (11). According to the invention, each of the covers (11) comprises at least one gas escape orifice (111) which can be formed inside the protective casing (13), and in that at least one layer (14) ) of metal material through which the gases are intended to flow is disposed between the inner face of each of the covers (11) and the cells (20).
    公开号:FR3077933A1
    申请号:FR1851231
    申请日:2018-02-14
    公开日:2019-08-16
    发明作者:Vincent Guillemard；Michel Penn
    申请人:Orolia SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Battery pack for distress beacon
    Technical field of the invention
    The technical field to which the invention relates is that of battery packs of electrochemical generators, such as lithium batteries and cells.
    The invention relates more particularly to the protection of a battery pack of electrochemical generators against the consequences of thermal runaway.
    The invention also relates to a distress beacon equipped with such a battery pack.
    State of the art
    The distress beacons fitted to aircraft, also called Emergency Locator Transmitters, are powered by an internal battery, independent of the aircraft's electrical circuit, intended to supply the electrical energy necessary for autonomous operation of the beacon for a few days in the event of distress.
    The signal emitted by the beacon (conventionally in the 406 MHz frequency band) in the event of distress to give the location of the aircraft is then received by one or more satellites of the Cospas-Sarsat network.
    In this type of beacon, the battery is generally formed of a plurality of cells or batteries for storing electrical energy composed of lithium.
    These cells or batteries are placed in a rigid protective case in order to form what is called a battery pack.
    The thermal runaway of a cell is the most feared risk presented by batteries made up of lithium.
    This phenomenon of thermal runaway is at the origin of a certain number of incidents with more or less dramatic consequences.
    The strong increase in temperature of a cell can thus lead to the ignition of the battery, which releases a significant quantity of smoke and flames, see the explosion of the latter and the projection of debris.
    The safety of lithium batteries within the beacons therefore represents a very important issue.
    Statement of the invention
    The invention aims to provide an improved battery pack, for a distress beacon in particular, overcoming at least some of the drawbacks of the prior art cited above.
    For this, the invention relates to a battery pack, intended for example to equip a distress beacon, comprising a plurality of electrical energy storage cells positioned in a parallel arrangement in a protective box, said protective box comprising a wall peripheral and being closed at two opposite ends by a cover.
    According to the invention, each of the covers comprises at least one gas exhaust orifice which can form inside the protective housing, and in that at least one layer of metallic material through which the gases are intended to flow is arranged between the inner face of each of the covers and the cells.
    The invention proposes the implementation in the exhaust path of the fumes produced by the thermal runaway of a cell inside a battery pack, a body which is permeable to the passage of the fumes.
    The aforementioned body comprises a mass of metallic material for absorbing heat in order to extinguish the flames that may appear during such thermal runaway.
    The extinction of the flames is obtained in an extremely short time, consequently preventing their propagation towards the outside.
    The pressurized gases which may form inside the housing can escape through openings in the covers of the housing.
    According to a particular aspect of the invention, the protective housing comprises several housings for receiving a cell.
    Advantageously, dividing partitions made of plastic material extend inside the protective housing between the receiving housings of the neighboring cells.
    According to particular implementations of the invention, said at least one layer of metallic material takes the form of a network of metallic wires or of a metallic foam.
    In implementation variants, it may be a lattice of metal wires or compacted metal shavings, or a mixture of the two.
    The metallic mass instantly absorbs the heat of the fumes, reduces the temperature and prevents the spread of flames.
    It also makes it possible to absorb any explosions from one or more cells.
    Preferably, the battery pack comprises means for reversibly fixing the covers on said protective housing.
    According to a particular implementation of the invention, the cells are cells of which an electrode is composed of lithium.
    The cells or batteries are lithium sulfur (Li-S) or lithium dioxide manganese (Li-MnO 2 ) or lithium thionyl chloride (Li-SOCI 2 ) cells, for example.
    Preferably, at least one layer of electrical insulating material is disposed between said at least one layer of metallic material and the cells.
    According to a particular aspect of the invention, each cover carries on its internal face at least one baffled wall defining a gas flow path from the interior of the housing to at least one exhaust orifice.
    Thus, baffles formed on the inner face of the covers force the gases to propagate indirectly towards the outlet orifices.
    The invention also relates to a distress beacon comprising a battery pack as described above.
    List of Figures
    The invention, as well as the various advantages which it presents, will be more easily understood on reading the following description of an embodiment thereof, given by way of simple illustrative and nonlimiting example, and of the drawings. annexed, among which:
    - Figure 1 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to the invention;
    - Figure 2 is a perspective view of the battery pack of Figure 1, partially assembled;
    FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the battery pack of FIG. 1, and
    - Figure 4 is a perspective view of the battery pack of Figure 1, once assembled.
    Detailed description of the invention
    Figure 1 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to the invention.
    The battery pack 1 comprises a plurality of cylindrical electrochemical cells or cells 20 and a rigid and sealed protective housing 13 in which the plurality of cells 20 is positioned in a parallel arrangement.
    Partition walls 132 are positioned between neighboring cells.
    The plastic housing 13 for receiving the cells 20 is sealed in its two opposite ends by two closing covers 11.
    At least one plate or layer 12 composed of an electrical insulating material and permeable to smoke, such as a polyamide foam (PA), is disposed between each cover 11 and the plurality of cells 20.
    These cells 20 are composed of lithium and are, for example, lithium sulfur (Li-S) or lithium-manganese dioxide (Li-MnO 2 ) or thionyl lithium chloride (Li-SOCI 2 ) cells, which are not rechargeable.
    Screws 16 and nuts 15 secure the covers 11 and the plates 12 to the housing 13.
    At least one layer or plate 14 of metallic material is disposed between each cover 11 and the corresponding insulating plate 12.
    Each cover 11 has orifices 111 for evacuating or escaping the hot gases, which can form within the case during the thermal runaway of a cell 20, from the inside to the outside of the case 13.
    Each cover 11 comprises, on its inner face, metal walls or returns 21 forming a baffle which prevent a direct exit of the gases and increase their exit path through the wire mesh forming the plate 14.
    As visible in FIG. 2, the protective housing 13 comprises a peripheral wall 133 and several tubular housings 131 for receiving a cell 20.
    The cells 20 are connected together, in parallel or in series, so as to create an electrical generator of desired voltage and capacity.
    The housing 13 is made of plastic and the cells 20 are cells comprising lithium.
    In this figure 2, the housing 13 is shown without the closing covers 11, without the metal plates 14 and without the insulating plates 12.
    For example, the width of the housing 13 is 95 mm, the height of the housing 13 is 64 mm (69 mm with the screws) and the thickness equal to 44.5 mm.
    In Figure 4, the battery pack 1 is assembled. This figure shows portions of the plate 14 of metallic material through the openings 111 of the cover 11.
    As illustrated in FIG. 3, the box 13 has an internal structure which defines a path for circulating thermal runaway gases from a battery cell 20 to the outside of the box 13.
    As pointed out previously, the plate 14 is permeable to the passage of smoke and comprises a mass of metallic material to absorb heat in order to extinguish the flames that may appear during such thermal runaway.
    The flow path for evacuating hot gases out of the interior of the housing 13 is shown using the arrows F1 to F3, the hot gases escaping from the interior of the housing 13 to the outside while passing by plate 14.
    When the cell referenced 20 of the plurality of cells enters thermal runaway, the latter emits hot ignited gases (arrow F1) and the pressure within the housing 13 increases.
    These ignited gases are directed through the insulating plate 12 and then the plate or layer 14 of metallic material (arrows F2) taking the form of a network or lattice of metallic wires (iron wool type) or of metallic foam. to cool the gases and extinguish the flames.
    The gases are then expelled in the form of smoke outside the housing 13 (arrows F3), without any flame emerging from the housing 13.
    The cells 20 are isolated from each other by partition walls 132 made of plastic with low thermal conductivity (meeting the reference standard UL94 for the classification of the flame resistance of plastic materials), which makes it possible to avoid runaway thermal of adjacent cells.
    Each partition 132 constitutes a barrier to the transfer of thermal energy between two cells 20 placed on either side of the partition.
    Each partition 132 electrically and thermally insulates the cells 20 from each other.
    In other words, the partition walls 132 protect the cells against the hot gases discharged by a neighboring cell undergoing thermal runaway.
    To avoid too high and critical internal pressure, the smoke outlet through the exhaust orifices 111 is implemented on each side of the battery pack 1.
    The solution of the invention allows the cell undergoing thermal runaway to properly evacuate the hot gases, while protecting the rest of the cells in the battery pack 1 against hot gases.
    Such a solution avoids the rejection of liquid and the propagation of flames to the outside of the battery pack 1.
    The layer 14 of metallic material may have a thickness of between 1 and 15 mm, for example.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Battery pack (1) comprising a plurality of cells (20) for storing electrical energy positioned in a parallel arrangement in a protective housing (13), said protective housing (13) comprising a peripheral wall (133) and being closed at two opposite ends by a cover (11), characterized in that each of the covers (11) comprises at least one orifice (111) for the exhaust of gas which can form inside the protective housing (13) , and in that at least one layer (14) of metallic material through which the gases are intended to flow is disposed between the inner face of each of the covers (11) and the cells (20).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Battery pack (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective housing (13) comprises several housings (131) for receiving a cell (20).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Battery pack (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that partition walls (132) of plastic material extend inside the protective housing (13) between the housings (131) for receiving the cells. (20) neighbors.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Battery pack (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said at least one layer (14) of metallic material takes the form of a network of metallic wires or a metallic foam.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Battery pack (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises fixing means (14, 15) reversible covers (11) on said protective housing (13).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Battery pack (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cells (20) are cells composed of lithium.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Battery pack (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one layer (12) of electrical insulating material is disposed between said at least one layer (14) of metallic material and the cells (20).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Battery pack (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each cover (11) carries on its inner face at least one baffled wall defining a gas flow path to at least one orifice (111) exhaust.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Distress beacon comprising a battery pack (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US11145928B2|2021-10-12|
    EP3528308A1|2019-08-21|
    EP3528308B1|2021-06-02|
    US20190252652A1|2019-08-15|
    FR3077933B1|2021-01-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JP2001229982A|2000-02-17|2001-08-24|Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd|Set battery and set battery module|
    US20090197153A1|2008-02-04|2009-08-06|Masato Fujikawa|Battery pack, electronic apparatus equipped with the same and electronic apparatus equipped with battery housing part|
    US20150221914A1|2014-02-03|2015-08-06|Pyrophobic Systems, Ltd.|Intumescent Battery Housing|
    US20170237054A1|2016-02-16|2017-08-17|Thomas Michael Mast|System and method for a reinforced container associated with battery handling|
    FR2993522B1|2012-07-19|2016-04-01|Renault Sas|ENVELOPE FOR SUPPORTING AN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ON BOARD IN A VEHICLE|
    FR3011390B1|2013-09-30|2017-02-17|Thierry Claudel|ELECTRIC BATTERY MODULE|
    US20150162582A1|2013-12-05|2015-06-11|Honeywell International Inc.|Battery compartment ventilation system|US11065979B1|2017-04-05|2021-07-20|H55 Sa|Aircraft monitoring system and method for electric or hybrid aircrafts|
    US10322824B1|2018-01-25|2019-06-18|H55 Sa|Construction and operation of electric or hybrid aircraft|
    US11063323B2|2019-01-23|2021-07-13|H55 Sa|Battery module for electrically-driven aircraft|
    US11148819B2|2019-01-23|2021-10-19|H55 Sa|Battery module for electrically-driven aircraft|
    WO2020208527A1|2019-04-08|2020-10-15|H55 Sa|Power supply storage and fire management in electrically-driven aircraft|
    法律状态:
    2019-02-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-08-16| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20190816 |
    2020-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-02-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2022-02-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1851231|2018-02-14|
    FR1851231A|FR3077933B1|2018-02-14|2018-02-14|BATTERY PACK FOR DISTRESS BEACON|FR1851231A| FR3077933B1|2018-02-14|2018-02-14|BATTERY PACK FOR DISTRESS BEACON|
    EP19154652.2A| EP3528308B1|2018-02-14|2019-01-31|Battery pack for distress beacon|
    US16/274,563| US11145928B2|2018-02-14|2019-02-13|Battery pack for a distress beacon|
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